ICMR - NIRBI


ICMR - National Institute for Research
in Bacterial Infections

आईसीएमआर - राष्ट्रीय जीवाणु संक्रमण अनुसंधान संस्थान

Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
स्वास्थ्य अनुसंधान विभाग, स्वास्थ्य और परिवार कल्याण मंत्रालय, भारत सरकार
WHO Collaborating Centre For Research and Training On Diarrhoeal Diseases

BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO
G20

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NICED : Scientists

  1. NICED
  2. Scientists
Dr. Debaki Ranjan Howlader

Dr. Debaki Ranjan Howlader

 

General Information
Name Dr. Debaki Ranjan Howlader
Designation DBT-Ramalingaswami Fellow
Date of joining ICMR 16.4. 2025
Date of joining present post 16.4. 2025
Discipline Bacteriology
Email : debaki.r.howlader@gmail.com
Academic Qualification: Graduation: B.Sc. (H) Microbiology (2012) from Acharya Prafulla Chandra College.
Post-Graduation: M.Sc. Microbiology (2014) from Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College.
Doctorate: Ph.D. in Science in 2020 from ICMR-NICED, registered at: Jadavpur University.
 
   

Profile

Research Experience: (Including Institutional work experience):

I am a mucosal immunologist and vaccine biologist, working as a DBT-Ramalingaswami Re-entry Fellow (DBT-RRF) at ICMR-NIRBI. My lab is working on the immunomodulatory roles of the typhoidal Salmonellaouter membrane vesicle (OMV)-based vaccine. We are also interested in developing an acellular vaccine against ESKAPE pathogens.
I did my postdoctoral training at Prof. Wendy Picking's lab at the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas (Feb. 2020 to Jul. 2022), and then moved with the lab to the Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, the University of Missouri (Aug. 2022 to Feb. 2025). We have shown the immunomodulatory roles of a nano-emulsion Pseudomonas aeruginosa T3SA protein subunit vaccine. During my Ph.D. at ICMR-NIRBI in the Koley lab, we formulated a bivalent OMV-based typhoidal Salmonella vaccine. I have published a patent and several research articles from both labs. I am associated with several scientific organizations and working towards the betterment of science.

Postdoctoral

  • Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, USA (Mar 2020 - Jul 2022).
  • Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Pathobiology and Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, USA (Aug 2022 - Feb 2025)
     

Research Interest

Present research interest: Humoral and cellular aspects of immunity using bivalent typhoidal Salmonella OMV-based vaccine.
Previous research experiences/interests:

  • Molecular immunological analyses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa T3SS protein subunit vaccine immunized mice by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy. Systemic and local immunological response analyses by checking the germinal center formation in spleen, different macrophage populations in lung, APCs in lung and spleen.
  • Efficacy studies of Pseudomonas, Salmonella and Shigella T3SS protein subunit nanoparticle vaccines.
  • Immunomodulatory roles and efficacy of typhoidal OMVs in mice model.
  • Development of zebrafish models for non-typhoidal Salmonella and Shigella.
     

Membership/ Fellow of Professional Societies/ Associations

  1.  Regular URC member of Society for Mucosal Immunology (2025), USA.
  2.  Full member of Sigma Xi - The Scientific Research Honor Society (2024), USA.
  3.  Member of the Council of The American Association of Immunologists (AAI, 2024), USA (Member #00260737).
  4.  Member of Royal Society of Biology (MRSB, 2022), UK (Member # P0146303).
  5.  Fellow of Royal Society for Public Health (FRSPH, 2021), UK (Member # 131361).
  6.  Member of American Society for Microbiology (ASM), USA (Member # 200107384).
  7.  Member of American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), USA (Member # 60195570).
  8.  Life Member of Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA), India (Member # L-37355).
     

Awards & international recognitions

  1.  Full member of Sigma Xi - The Scientific Research Honor Society (2024), USA.
  2.  Full member of Royal Society of Biology (MRSB, 2022), UK.
  3.  Fellow of Royal Society for Public Health (FRSPH, 2021), UK.
  4.  Newton-Bhabha Ph.D. placement program (2016-2017) Fellow at the University of Cambridge, UK.
  5.  Visiting Ph.D. student in the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (2017), Tokyo, Japan.
  6.  IELTS Academic, score 7 out of 9 (2017-2019), India.
  7.  CSIR-UGC NET (2014), Rank 91, India.
  8.  GATE-2014, Rank 740, India.
  9.  LSC Postdoc, Graduate and Undergraduate Association travel award, 2023, University of Missouri, USA.
  10.  ASM Student and Postdoctoral Travel Award, 2023, USA.
  11.  KSPEN 2018 travel award, 2018, South Korea.
     

Projects: (Title, Duration)

  •  Extramural: Development of a typhoidal Salmonella outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) - based vaccine and its immune correlates of protection. DBT Ramalingaswami Re-entry fellowship 2023-24 cycle. ICMR-NIRBI, Kolkata, India. Duration: three years.
  • Intramural (Title, Duration): None at this moment.
    Previous projects: Ex vivo studies on immunological surface marker expression in splenic, BMDM and BMDCs after treatment with Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A OMVs. Newton-Bhabha Ph.D. placement program (2016 - 2017), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (June, 2017 to September, 2017).
    Students (Please include names of students presently working in the lab): None at this moment.
  • JRF
  •  SRF
  • RA
  •  PDF

    Fellowships:
    Current: DBT-Ramalingaswami Re-entry Fellow(DBT-RRF)

    Previous fellowships held:
    Fellow of Royal Society for Public Health (FRSPH, 2021), UK.
    Newton-Bhabha Ph.D. placement program (2016-2017) Fellow, University of Cambridge, UK.
    CSIR-UGC NET (2014), Rank 91, India.
    GATE-2014, Rank 740, India.
     

Publications

As corresponding author:

  1. Exposure to third generation cephalosporin induces L-form transition in Shigella sonnei potentially acting as a bacterial reservoir for persistent infection. Sanjib Das, Arindam Mukherjee, Prolay Halder, Soumalya Banerjee, Supriya Mandal, Nivedita Roy, Ashis Debnath, Sreejani Banerjee, Jiro Mitobe, Jeffrey H. Withey, Asish K. Mukhopadhyay, Santasabuj Das, Debaki Ranjan Howlader, Hemanta Koley. Uploaded on bioRxiv. (doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.17.665312). Submitted to Journal of Bacteriology on 16thJuly, 2025.
  2. L-PaF/E/ME/BECC438b primes interferon-mediated immune-stromal lung networks against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice.Debaki Ranjan Howlader, Rahul Shubhra Mandal, Satabdi Biswas, Zackary Dietz, Prolay Halder, Robert K Ernst, William D Picking, Wendy L Picking. Under review at npj Vaccines.
     

As first and co-author:

  1. A high-throughput multi-species platform using biolayer interferometry immunosorbent assay (BLI-ISA) as an alternative to indirect ELISA for vaccine development. Ti Lu, Md Shafiullah Parvej, Sean K. Whittier, Suhrid Maiti, Zackary K. Dietz,Debaki R. Howlader, Mst Nusrat Zahan, Satabdi Biswas, William D. Picking, Wendy L. Picking. Uploaded on bioRxiv. (doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.24.666607).
  2.  Development of a bivalent protein subunit vaccine against infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Maiti S, Halder P, Howlader DR, Dietz ZK, Biswas S, Parvej MS, Zahan MN, Lu T, Snider TA, Whittier SK, Picking WD, Picking WL. NPJ Vaccines. 2025 Jul 25;10(1):169. doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01220-y. PMID: 40715169; PMCID: PMC12297384.
  3. The adoption of a westernized gut microbiome in Indian Immigrants and Indo-Canadians is associated with dietary acculturation. D'Aloisio LD, Ballal M, Ghosh S, Haskey N, Abulizi N, Karimianghadim R, Liu C, Sruthi P, Nagarajan L, Vasudevan S, Shetty V, Purandare M, Bhaumik U, Howlader DR, Pakpour S, Barnett J, Gibson DL. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025 Aug 3;11(1):151. doi: 10.1038/s41522-025-00778-8. PMID: 40753175; PMCID: PMC12317999.
  4. The Fusion Subunit Vaccine L-DBF Protects Aged Mice Against Heterologous Lethal Shigella Challenge After Prior Exposure. Md. Shafiullah Parvej, Ti Lu, Suhrid Maiti, Zackary K Dietz, Debaki R Howlader, Mst. Nusrat Zahan, Alexa Cato, Satabdi Biswas, William D Picking, Wendy L Picking. Front. Immunol. 2025. doi: 10.3389/fmmu.2025.1586537.
  5. Spatial visualization provides insight into immune modulation by an L-DBF vaccine formulation against Shigella. Lu T, Kramer ST, York MA, Zahan MN, Howlader DR, Dietz ZK, Whittier SK, Bivens NJ, Jurkevich A, Coghill LM, Picking WD, Picking WL. Front Immunol. 2025 Apr 23;16:1577040. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1577040. PMID: 40336950; PMCID: PMC12056741.
  6. Vaccination with a Protective Ipa Protein-Containing Nanoemulsion Differentially Alters the Transcriptomic Profiles of Young and Elderly Mice following Shigella Infection. Lu T, Raju M, Howlader DR, Dietz ZK, Whittier SK, Varisco DJ, Ernst RK, Coghill LM, Picking WD, Picking WL. Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Jun 4;12(6):618. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12060618. PMID: 38932347; PMCID: PMC11209624.
  7. Development of a nano-emulsion based multivalent protein subunit vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Debaki R Howlader, Rahul Shubhra Mandal, Ti Lu, Suhrid Maiti, Zackary K Dietz, Sayan Das, Sean K Whittier, Aaron C Nagel, Satabdi Biswas, David J Varisco, Francesca M Gardner, Robert K Ernst, William D Picking, Wendy L Picking. Front. Immunol. 2024 Apr. 17. doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1372349
  8. The L-DBF vaccine cross protects mice against different Shigella serotypes after prior exposure to the pathogen. Lu T, Howlader DR, Das S, Dietz ZK, Nagel AC, Whittier SK, Picking WD, Picking WL. Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Dec 12;11(6):e0006223. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00062-23. Epub 2023 Oct 3. PMID: 37787548; PMCID: PMC10714971.
  9. Impact of the TLR4 agonist BECC438 on a novel vaccine formulation against Shigella spp. Lu T, Das S, Howlader DR, Jain A, Hu G, Dietz ZK, Zheng Q, Ratnakaram SSK, Whittier SK, Varisco DJ, Ernst RK, Picking WD, Picking WL. Front Immunol. 2023 Sep 6;14:1194912. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1194912. PMID: 37744341; PMCID: PMC10512073.
  10. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of nanoparticle formulations of L-SseB against Salmonella infection. Das S, Howlader DR, Lu T, Whittier SK, Hu G, Sharma S, Dietz ZK, Ratnakaram SSK, Varisco DJ, Ernst RK, Picking WD and Picking WL. Front. Immunol. 2023 Jun 30. 14:1208848. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1208848.
  11. A protein subunit vaccine elicits a balanced immune response that protects against Pseudomonas pulmonary infection. Howlader DR, Das S, Lu T, Mandal RS, Hu G, Varisco DJ, Dietz ZK, Ratnakaram SSK, Ernst RK, Picking WD, Picking WL. NPJ Vaccines. 2023 Mar 14;8(1):37. doi: 10.1038/s41541-023-00618-w. PMID: 36918600; PMCID: PMC10012293.
  12. A tetravalent Shigella Outer Membrane Vesicles based candidate vaccine offered cross-protection against all the serogroups of Shigella in adult mice. Ushasi Bhaumik, Prolay Halder, Debaki Ranjan Howlader, Soumalya Banerjee, Suhrid Maiti, Shanta Dutta, Hemanta Koley. Microbes and Infection. 2023 Jan 22. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105100.
  13. An Experimental Adult Zebrafish Model for Shigella Pathogenesis, Transmission, and Vaccine Efficacy Studies.Howlader DR, Bhaumik U, Halder P, Satpathy A, Sarkar S, Ghoshal M, Maiti S, Withey JH, Mitobe J, Dutta S, Koley H. Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Jun 29;10(3):e0034722. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00347-22. Epub 2022 May 23. PMID: 35604149; PMCID: PMC9241715.
  14. L-DBF Elicits Cross Protection Against Different Serotypes of Shigella spp. Lu Ti, Das Sayan, Howlader Debaki R., Zheng Qi, Ratnakaram Siva Sai Kumar, Whittier Sean K., Picking William D., Picking Wendy L. Frontiers in Tropical Diseases. 2021. doi: 10.3389/fitd.2021.729731. ISSN: 2673-7515.
  15. Development of a Self-Adjuvanting, Cross-Protective, Stable Intranasal Recombinant Vaccine for Shigellosis. Baruah N, Ahamad N, Maiti S, Howlader DR, Bhumik U, Patil VV, Chakrabarti MK, Koley H, Katti DS. ACS Infect Dis. 2021 Nov 4. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00345. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34734708.
  16. Effect of Two Unique Nanoparticle Formulations on the Efficacy of a Broadly Protective Vaccine Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. Howlader DR, Das S, Lu T, Hu G, Varisco DJ, Dietz ZK, Walton SP, Ratnakaram SSK, Gardner FM, Ernst RK, Picking WD, Picking WL. Front Pharmacol. 2021 Aug 18;12:706157. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.706157. PMID: 34483911; PMCID: PMC8416447.
  17. Bivalent non-typhoidal Salmonella outer membrane vesicles immunized mice sera confer passive protection against gastroenteritis in a suckling mice model. Maiti S, Howlader DR, Halder P, Bhaumik U, Dutta M, Dutta S, Koley H. Vaccine. 2021 Jan 8;39(2):380-393. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.11.040. Epub 2020 Dec 7. PMID: 33303233.
  18. Development of a Broadly Protective, Self-Adjuvanting Subunit Vaccine to Prevent Infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Das S, Howlader DR, Zheng Q, Ratnakaram SSK, Whittier SK, Lu T, Keith JD, Picking WD, Birket SE, Picking WL. Front Immunol. 2020 Nov 17; 11:583008. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.583008. eCollection 2020. PMID: 33281815.
  19. Anti-virulence activity of polyphenolic fraction isolated from Kombucha against Vibrio cholerae. Bhattacharya D, Sinha R, Mukherjee P, Howlader DR, Nag D, Sarkar S, Koley H, Withey JH, Gachhui R. Microb Pathog. 2020 Mar; 140:103927. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103927. Epub 2019 Dec 14. PMID: 31846743.
  20. Studies on formulation of a combination heat killed immunogen from diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae in RITARD model. Mukherjee P, Mondal V, Bhaumik U, Sinha R, Sarkar S, Mitra S, Howlader DR, Maiti S, Mukhopadhyay AK, Dutta S, Koley H. Microbes Infect. 2019 Oct-Nov;21(8-9):368-376. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2019.02.007. Epub 2019 Mar 7. PMID: 30853357.
  21. Development of a novel S. Typhi and Paratyphi A outer membrane vesicles based bivalent vaccine against enteric fever.Howlader DR, Koley H, Sinha R, Maiti S, Bhaumik U, Mukherjee P, Dutta S. PLoS One. 2018 Sep 14;13(9):e0203631. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203631. eCollection 2018. PMID: 30216367.
  22. Retinoic acid pre-treatment down regulates V. cholerae outer membrane vesicles induced acute inflammation and enhances mucosal immunity. Sinha R, Howlader DR, Ta A, Mitra S, Das S, Koley H. Vaccine. 2017 Jun 16;35(28):3534-3547. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.05.036. Epub 2017 May 22. PMID: 28545924.
  23. Zebrafish as a novel model for non-typhoidal Salmonella pathogenesis, transmission and vaccine efficacy.Howlader DR, Sinha R, Nag D, Majumder N, Mukherjee P, Bhaumik U, Maiti S, Withey JH, Koley H. Vaccine. 2016 Sep 30;34(42):5099-5106. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.08.077. Epub 2016 Sep 7. PMID: 27614779.
  24. Mice with Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemia are Susceptible to Invasive Enteric Bacterial Infection. Koley H, Ghosh P, Sinha R, Mitra S, Mukherjee P, Howlader DR, Chaki C, Nag D. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2017 Jan 24;70(1):111-114. doi: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2015.418. Epub 2016 May 9. PMID: 27169940.
  25. Evaluation of immunogenicity and protective efficacy of combination heat-killed immunogens from three entero-invasive bacteria in rabbit model. Mukherjee P, Raychaudhuri S, Nag D, Sinha R, Howlader DR, Mukhopadhyay AK, Koley H. Immunobiology. 2016 Aug;221(8):918-26. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.03.002. Epub 2016 Mar 18. PMID: 27039316.
  26. Retinoic acid decreases the severity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium mediated gastroenteritis in a mouse model. Sinha R, Howlader DR, Mukherjee P, Rai S, Nag D, Koley H. Immunobiology. 2016 Jul;221(7):839-44. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.01.011. Epub 2016 Jan 29. PMID: 26858186.
     

    • Review articles:

    1. Shigella Vaccines: The Continuing Unmet Challenge. International Journal of Molecular Sciences.Lu T, Das S, Howlader DR, Picking WD, Picking WL.International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(8):4329. doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084329.
    2. A story of Shigella vaccine development in ICMR-NICED involving multidimensional approaches. Hemanta Koley, Ushasi Bhaumik, Namrata Baruah, Soma Mitra, Suhrid Maiti, Dhrubajyoti Nag, Soumik Barman, Ritam Sinha, Debaki R. Howlader, Priyadarshini Mukherjee, Prolay Halder, Soumalya Banerjee, Sanjib Das, Nivedita Ray, Jiro Mitobe, Jeffrey H. Withey, Manoj K. Chakrabarti, Shanta Dutta. Indian Journal of Physiology and Allied Sciences (2023); doi: 10.55184/ijpas.v75i02.08.
    3. A brief review on the immunological scenario and recent developmental status of vaccines against enteric fever.Howlader DR, Koley H, Maiti S, Bhaumik U, Mukherjee P, Dutta S. Vaccine. 2017 Nov 7;35(47):6359-6366. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.066. Epub 2017 Oct 12. PMID: 29031693 Review.

    • Book chapter:

    Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity of Different Phytochemicals Against Enteric Diseases in Different Animal Models. Koley H, Howlader DR, Bhaumik U. New Look to Phytomedicine, 563-580.

    • Patent:

    A Bivalent Outer Membrane Vesicles (BOMVs) based vaccine against typhoidal salmonellae. Koley H, Howlader DR, Dutta S. PCT number: PCT/IN2018/050158. It was published in WIPO with the following detail: WO2018179003. This was granted in the US with the grant number: 11633466. Enteric fever vaccine based on outer membrane vesicles from two different strains of typhoidal salmonella species. Application granted on: 04.25.2023. International Application No.: PCT/IN2018/050158. IPC: A61K 39/112 (2006.01).

     

    • Ph.D. thesis:

    Studies on immunogenic protective efficacy and immunomodulatory roles of Outer Membrane Vesicles OMVs from typhoidal salmonellae. Howlader DR. 2019. https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/489908

    Published abstracts from different conferences (first author/presenter only):

    1.Debaki R. Howlader, Sayan Das, Ti Lu, Rahul Shubhra Mandal, Gang Hu, David J. Varisco, Zackary K. Dietz, Siva Sai Kumar Ratnakaram, Robert K. Ernst, William D. Picking, and Wendy L. Picking. Development of a nano-emulsion based multivalent protein subunit vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ASM Microbe, 2023. Houston, Texas, USA.
    2. Debaki R. Howlader, Sayan Das, Ti Lu, Rahul Shubhra Mandal, Gang Hu, David J. Varisco, Zackary K. Dietz, Siva Sai Kumar Ratnakaram, Robert K. Ernst, William D. Picking, and Wendy L. Picking. A multivalent protein subunit vaccine elicits balanced immune response that protects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infection. 20th Annual Great Plains Infectious Disease (GPID) conference. November 2022. Missouri, USA.
    3. Debaki R Howlader, Sayan Das, Ti Lu, Sean K Whittier, David J Varisco, Zackary K Dietz, Robert K Ernst, William D Picking, and Wendy L Picking*. Development of a broad-spectrum Pseudomonas aeruginosa nanoparticle based TTSS and ExlA protein subunit immunogen eliciting protective immunity in mice and rats. ASM Microbe, 2022. Washington DC, USA.
    4. Debaki R Howlader, Sayan Das, Ti Lu, Gang Hu, David J Varisco, Zackary K Dietz, Sierra P Walton, Siva Sai Kumar Ratnakaram, Francesca M Gardner, Robert K Ernst, William D Picking, and Wendy L Picking*. Effect of Two Unique Nanoparticle Formulations on the Efficacy of a Broadly Protective Vaccine Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. 19th Annual Great Plains Infectious Disease (GPID) conference. November 2021. Missouri, USA.
    5. Debaki Ranjan Howlader, Prolay Halder, Suhrid Maiti, Ushasi Bhaumik, Shanta Dutta, Hemanta Koley. Cross protective nature of a newly developed bivalent typhoid vaccine in response to non-typhoidal infection. 54th US-Japan Joint Panel Conference on Cholera and Other Bacterial Enteric Infections.10 th -13 th December 2019, Osaka, Japan.
    6. Debaki Howlader, Hemanta Koley*. Typhoidal bivalent Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) induce protective immune response in mice. USJCMSP, 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam.
    7. Debaki R Howlader, Hemanta Koley, Shanta Dutta. Mechanism of protection of a newly developed typhoidal Salmonella OMVs immunogen in direct and passive mice model. 106th Indian Science Congress, Jalandhar 2019.
    8. Debaki Ranjan Howlader, Hemanta Koley*. Bivalent outer membrane vasicles based immunogen of S.Typhi and Paratyphi A induce adaptive immunity and protective efficacy in mice. 29th International Conference on Vaccines and Immunization, March 19-20, 2018, London, UK.
    9. Debaki R Howlader, Hemanta Koley*, Ushasi Bhaumik. A new zebrafish model for Shigella pathogenesis, transmission, vaccine efficacy and therapeutic studies. 19thCongress of The Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Society of Asia: PENSA, 13-16th June 2018.Seoul, South Korea.
    10. Debaki Ranjan Howladar, Hemanta Koley, Ritam Sinha, Priyadarshini Mukherjee, Suhrid Maiti, Ushasi Bhaumik, Shanta Dutta. Bivalent outer membrane vesicles-based immunogen of S. Typhi and Paratyphi A induce adaptive immunity and protective efficacy in mice. Asian Conference on Diarrheal Disease and Nutrition (ASCODD), 30th October - 01 November 2017, Kochi, India.
    11. Debaki R Howlader, Hemanta Koley*, Ritam Sinha, Suhrid Maiti, Ushasi Bhaumik, Priyadarshini Mukherjee, Shanta Dutta. A novel bivalent typhoidal Salmonella Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) based immunogen against enteric fever. 5th Mol Micro & 4th M4 Meeting, University of Birmingham, 13-14th September 2017.
    12. Debaki Ranjan Howlader, Ritam Sinha, Priyadarshini Mukherjee, Dhrubajyoti Nag and Hemanta Koley. Pentavalent heat killed Salmonella enterica immunogen induce adaptive immune response in adult mice model. 103rd Indian Science Congress. January 3-7, 2016, Mysuru, India.
    13. Debaki Ranjan Howlader, Ritam Sinha, Priyadarshini Mukherjee, Dhrubajyoti Nag and Hemanta Koley. Pentavalent heat killed Salmonella enterica immunogen induce adaptive immune response and protective efficacy in passive suckling mice model. J Vaccines Vaccine. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7560.C1.034. 8th Indo Global summit and Expo on Vaccines, Therapeutics & Healthcare. November 02-04, 2015 HICC, Hyderabad, India.